How to relieve constipation with the right laxative
What is occasional constipation?
Constipation is described as “occasional” when it is time-limited (usually less than 4 weeks). It may be a side effect of a short course of medication, or a change in diet or lifestyle, for example.
There are several options to relieve occasional constipation:
| Fibre supplements Also called bulk-forming laxatives |
How they work: They work by making stools bulkier and softer, which stimulates the intestines and makes stools easier to pass. Did you know? It is important to take each dose with a full glass of water (or other liquid). To avoid flatulence (gas) and bloating, it’s best to start with a small dose then gradually increase the amount or frequency. |
| Stool softeners | How they work: They soften stools so they are easier to pass. Did you know? These types of laxatives are helpful in preventing constipation, especially for people who should avoid straining when defecating, for example following an operation or childbirth. Stool softeners are generally well tolerated. However, they may cause stomach cramps or mild nausea. |
| Stimulant laxatives | How they work: They cause the intestine to contract, helping stools to pass. Did you know? Except in rare cases, they should not be used on a regular basis, as this can create dependence (the intestines can become “lazy”). |
| Osmotic laxatives | How they work: They stimulate the intestines to absorb water, which makes stools softer. Did you know? Osmotic laxatives are more efficacious than stool softeners. |
| Suppositories laxatives |
How they work: They stimulate the intestine to contract thereby causing an urge to defecate. Did you know? These laxatives can be either stimulants or osmotic. |
What is chronic constipation?
Chronic constipation is defined as infrequent bowel movements (usually fewer than three per week) or difficult passage of stools for at least 3 months.
If the cause of chronic constipation cannot be eliminated using dietary and non-pharmacological methods, a laxative treatment is usually recommended.
In addition to fibre supplements and stool softeners, the following laxatives may also be used to relieve chronic constipation:
- Osmotic laxatives
- An enema, which may be helpful when other laxatives have been ineffective, or to expel a mass of hardened feces that is obstructing the colon or rectum.
Laxatives to relieve pain
By stimulating the intestines to contract and push stools out, enemas, suppositories and stimulant laxatives work the fastest, within minutes or hours.
- Enemas: 5 to 15 minutes
- Suppositories: 15 to 60 minutes
- Stimulant laxatives: 6 to 12 hours
- Fibre supplements, stool softeners, osmotic laxatives: At least a day, sometimes a little more to modify the consistency of stools and make them easier to pass.
Laxatives in preparation for a medical procedure
Saline laxatives are used to empty the intestinal tract prior to a medical procedure. They can be taken orally or administered as an enema. Osmotic laxatives may also be used.
In addition to a laxative, the protocol may also include a very strict diet in the days leading up to the procedure. It is very important that you follow the instructions as directed by your health care professional. Failure to do so may prevent you from having the procedure done. Your pharmacist will explain the steps to you.
Laxatives may interfere with other medications
If you take prescription or over-the-counter medication, talk to your pharmacist before using a laxative, as some products may interact with your medication.
When to seek medical advice
Women who are pregnant or nursing should also talk to their doctor or pharmacist before taking a laxative.
If constipation does not respond to self-treatment or if there is blood in your stools, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, or involuntary weight loss, you should see your doctor.
Occasional constipation in otherwise healthy people is usually not a cause for concern and can be relieved with laxatives sold at the pharmacy
EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT YOUR DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Hungry for more information? Read on to get more tips on how to improve your digestive health.
The information contained herein is provided for informational purposes only and is not intended to provide complete information on the subject matter or to replace the advice of a health professional. This information does not constitute medical consultation, diagnosis or opinion and should not be interpreted as such. Please consult your health care provider if you have any questions about your health, medications or treatment.