Platelet count
Platelets are fragments of cells in the bone marrow that circulate in the blood. Platelets play an essential role in the clotting process by rushing to the site of injury and forming a plug when small blood vessels are damaged. If the number of platelets increases significantly, the risk of complications from excessive clotting (thrombosis) is high. Conversely, a decrease in platelet count can put you at risk for bleeding or even hemorrhage. An abnormal decrease in platelets is called thrombocytopenia, and an abnormal increase is called thrombocytosis.
| What is the purpose of this test? | The platelet count is used for several purposes:
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| How to prepare? | No preparation needed. |
| Reference values* | 130 to 380 x 109/L |
| Associated tests | The other tests in a complete blood count are done at the same time. These tests measure different parts and features of your blood, including the following:
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| How is it done? | A blood sample is drawn, usually from a vein in the arm. |
| How long before I get the results? | Results are usually ready in a day. It may take longer to receive your results. |
What does an abnormal test result mean?
High platelet values:
- Certain types of infections
- Certain cancers
- An inflammatory disease (e.g., Crohn's disease or rheumatoid arthritis)
- Spleen damage
- Iron deficiency anemia
Low platelet values:
- Certain cancers
- Certain immune system disorders
- Vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency
- Chemotherapy or radiation therapy
- Certain types of infections
- Conditions related to pregnancy (gestational thrombocytopenia)
- Certain medications (e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen or aspirin)
Factors that can interfere with test accuracy
Falsely high results
- Intense physical activity
- Spending time at high altitudes
Falsely low results
- The pre-menstrual period
- Frequent bleeding
What you should know before going for this test
When you go in for a blood test or any other medical exam, it's always a good idea to bring a complete list of any prescriptions, over-the-counter medications, or natural health products you're taking. Unless otherwise advised, it's best to take your medications as usual on blood test days. If in doubt, don't hesitate to talk to your healthcare professional.
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The patient information leaflets are provided by Vigilance Santé Inc. This content is for information purposes only and does not in any manner whatsoever replace the opinion or advice of your health care professional. Always consult a health care professional before making a decision about your medication or treatment.